Nutrition plays a vital role in brain health and is especially important for people with dementia. Changes in eating habits, taste and appetite are common, which can lead to weight loss and lack of appropriate nutrients, impacting on physical and cognitive function.
A well-balanced diet supports overall brain function, strengthens the immune system and helps manage other health conditions such as diabetes or heart disease. Poor nutrition may worsen symptoms of dementia, increasing confusion, anxiety and low mood. It can also contribute to fatigue, infections, muscle weakness, leading to a higher risk of falls.
A person with dementia may have difficulty recognising food, forget they have eaten or lose interest in meals, especially as dementia progresses. They may overeat, crave unhealthy foods or have difficulty using utensils, leading to poor nutrition or choking risks. Changes in taste or swallowing problems can also reduce food intake.
Carers can support healthy nutrition by offering regular, appealing meals in a calm environment. Finger foods, adaptive utensils and easy-to-chew textures can help. Encouraging hydration is equally important, as people with dementia often forget to drink which can enhance cognitive decline.
Involving dietitians or speech and language therapists can be beneficial for addressing specific needs such as weight loss, swallowing difficulties (dysphagia) or special dietary requirements. Your Dementia Coordinator can help with further information and advice.